This table summarizes key statistics for every U.S. recession recognized by the NBER (National Bureau of Economic Research) since 1910. The Declaration Date is when NBER officially announced the recession — a practice that began in the 1980s, so older recessions show no declaration date. S&P Max Drawdown is the largest peak-to-trough decline during the recession window, while Start–S&P Low Drawdown measures the drop from the recession start date to the eventual S&P 500 trough. A negative Declaration–S&P Low (Days) value means the market had already bottomed before the recession was officially declared. Click any column header to sort. Toggle Include Years In Average to extend the average row to all 21 recessions, including pre-1929 periods where S&P data is unavailable.